Master Manual Testing: Beginner's Guide to Quality Assurance | Free Course Part 1

1.What is testing?

•  The process or method of finding error/s in a software application or program so that the application functions according to the end user's requirement is called software testing.

Or

• The process of evaluating a system or its components with the intention to find whether it satisfies the specified/required requirements or no. In other words, testing is executing a system to identify any gaps,errors, or missing requirements in contract of the actual requirements.

2.Explain SDLC?

                   SDLC is a systematic process for building software that ensures the quality and correctness of the software built. SDLC process aims to produce high-quality software that meets customer expectations. The system development should be complete in the pre-defined time frame and cost. SDLC consists of a detailed plan which explains how to plan, build, and maintain specific software. Every phase of the SDLC life Cycle has its process and deliverables that feed into the next phase. SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle and is also referred to as the Application Development life-cycle

The entire SDLC process is divided into the following stages:

Phase 1: Requirement Elicitation and analysis

Phase 2: Feasibility study:

Phase 3: Design:

Phase 4: Coding:

Phase 5: Testing:

Phase 6: Installation/Deployment:

Phase 7: Maintenance:

Requirement collection and analysis:

• It is performed by the senior team member with inputs from all the stakeholders and domain experts in the industry. Planning for the quality assurance requirements and recognition of the risks involved is also performed at this stage.
• This stage gives a clear insight of the scope of the entire project and the anticipated issues, opportunities, and directives that triggered the project.
• Requirements Gathering stage needs team to get detailed and precise requirements.
• This helps companies to finalize the necessary timeframe to finish the work of that system.

Feasibility study:

• Once the requirement analysis phase is completed the next SDLC step is to define and document software needs. This process was conducted with the help the of 'SoftwareRequirement Specification' document also known as 'SRS' document.
• It includes everything which should be designed and developed during the project
• life cycle.

These are the five major feasibilities analyses:

• Economic: Can we complete the project within the given budget?
• Legal: Can we handle the project as per cyber law and another regulatory framework/compliance.
• Operation feasibility: Can we create operations that are expected by a client?
• Technical: Need to verify whether the current computer system can support the software 
• Schedule: Decide whether the project can be completed within the given schedule or not.

Design: 

                  In this phase, the system and software design documents are prepared as per the requirement specification document. This helps define the overall system design.

• This design phase serves as the input for the next phase of the model.
• There are two types of design documents developed in this phase:
• High-Level Design (HLD)
• An outline of the functionalities of every module and the
• Interface relationship and dependencies between modules
• Database tables identified along with their key elements
• Complete design diagrams along with technology details
• Low-Level Design (LLD)
• Functional logic of the modules
• Database tables, which include type and size
• Complete detail of the interface
• Addresses all types of dependency issues
• Complete input and outputs for every module

Coding:

• Once the system design phase gets over, the next phase is coding. In this phase, developers begin building the entire system by writing code using the chosen programming language. In this phase, tasks are divided into units and assigned to the various developers.
• In this phase, the developer needs to follow certain predefined coding guidelines.
• They also need to use programming tools compiler, interpreter, and debugger to generate and implement the code.

Testing:

• Once the software is complete, it is deployed into a testing environment. The testing team starts testing the functionalities of the entire system. This is done to ensure that the entire application works according to the customer's requirement.
• Quality Assurance and testing team may find some bugs/defects which they communicate to developers. The development team fixes the bug and sends it back to QA for a re-test. This process is performed until the software is bug-free, stable, and working according to the business needs of that system.

Installation/Deployment:

• Once the testing phase is over and no bugs or errors are left in the system then the final deployment process begins. Based on the inputs given by the project head, the final software is released and checked for deployment issues if any.

Maintenance:

                 

                 Once the system is installed, and customers start using the developed software, the following activities occurs.

• Bug fixing - bugs are reported because of some scenarios which are not tested at all
• Upgrade - Upgrading the application to the newer versions of the Software
• Enhancement - Adding some new features to the existing software

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